276 lines
13 KiB
HTML
276 lines
13 KiB
HTML
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<!doctype html><html lang='en'><head><title>Klank | SuperCollider 3.12.2 Help</title>
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<link rel='stylesheet' href='./../scdoc.css' type='text/css' />
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<link rel='stylesheet' href='./../codemirror.css' type='text/css' />
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<link rel='stylesheet' href='./../editor.css' type='text/css' />
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<link rel='stylesheet' href='./../frontend.css' type='text/css' />
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<link rel='stylesheet' href='./../custom.css' type='text/css' />
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<meta name='viewport' content='width=device-width, initial-scale=1'>
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<meta http-equiv='Content-Type' content='text/html; charset=UTF-8' />
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<script src='./../lib/jquery.min.js'></script>
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<script src='./../lib/codemirror-5.39.2.min.js' type='text/javascript'></script>
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<script src='./../lib/codemirror-addon-simple-5.39.2.min.js' type='text/javascript'></script>
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<script>
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var helpRoot = './..';
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var scdoc_title = 'Klank';
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var scdoc_sc_version = '3.12.2';
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</script>
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<script src='./../scdoc.js' type='text/javascript'></script>
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<script src='./../docmap.js' type='text/javascript'></script>
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<script src='qrc:///qtwebchannel/qwebchannel.js' type='text/javascript'></script>
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</head>
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<body onload='fixTOC()'>
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<div id='toc'>
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<div id='toctitle'>Klank:</div>
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<span class='toc_search'>Filter: <input id='toc_search'></span><ul class='toc'><li class='toc1'><a href='#description'>Description</a></li>
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<ul class='toc'></ul><li class='toc1'><a href='#classmethods'>Class methods</a></li>
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<ul class='toc'><li class='toc3'><a href='#*ar'>ar</a> </li>
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<li class='toc2'><a href='#Inherited%20class%20methods'>Inherited class methods</a></li>
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</ul><li class='toc1'><a href='#instancemethods'>Instance methods</a></li>
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<ul class='toc'><li class='toc2'><a href='#Inherited%20instance%20methods'>Inherited instance methods</a></li>
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</ul><li class='toc1'><a href='#examples'>Examples</a></li>
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<ul class='toc'></ul></ul></div><div id='menubar'></div>
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<div class='contents'>
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<div class='header'>
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<div id='label'>
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<span id='folder'>Classes</span>
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| <span id='categories'><a href='./../Browse.html#UGens'>UGens</a> > <a href='./../Browse.html#UGens>Generators'>Generators</a> > <a href='./../Browse.html#UGens>Generators>Deterministic'>Deterministic</a> | <a href='./../Browse.html#UGens'>UGens</a> > <a href='./../Browse.html#UGens>Filters'>Filters</a> > <a href='./../Browse.html#UGens>Filters>Linear'>Linear</a></span>
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</div><h1>Klank<span id='superclasses'> : <a href="../Classes/UGen.html">UGen</a> : <a href="../Classes/AbstractFunction.html">AbstractFunction</a> : <a href="../Classes/Object.html">Object</a></span>
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</h1>
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<div id='summary'>Bank of resonators</div>
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</div>
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<div class='subheader'>
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<div id='filename'>Source: <a href='file:///Applications/SuperCollider.app/Contents/Resources/SCClassLibrary/Common/Audio/FSinOsc.sc' title='/Applications/SuperCollider.app/Contents/Resources/SCClassLibrary/Common/Audio/FSinOsc.sc'>FSinOsc.sc</a></div><div id='related'>See also: <a href="./../Classes/DynKlank.html">DynKlank</a>, <a href="./../Classes/Klang.html">Klang</a></div>
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</div>
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<h2><a class='anchor' name='description'>Description</a></h2>
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<p>Klank is a bank of fixed frequency resonators which can be used to simulate the resonant modes of an object. Each mode is given a ring time, which is the time for the mode to decay by 60 dB.<div class='note'><span class='notelabel'>NOTE:</span> for dynamic changes of parameters refer to <a href="./../Classes/DynKlank.html">DynKlank</a></div><div class='note'><span class='notelabel'>NOTE:</span> The amplitude of the resulting signal depends on the server's sample rate. See <a href="./../Classes/Ringz.html#Interaction%20with%20sample%20rate">Ringz: Interaction with sample rate</a> for details.</div>
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<p>Klank is a bank of Ringz filters. <a href="./../Classes/Formlet.html">Formlet</a> is equivalent to <code>Ringz.ar(... decay...) - Ring.ar(... attack...)</code>. Therefore, a more efficient way to make a bank of fixed-parameter Formlet filters is <code>Klank(`decaySpecs, ...) - Klank.ar(`attackSpecs, ...)</code> or <code>Klank.ar(`specs, ..., decayscale: decay) - Klank.ar(`specs, ..., decayscale: attack)</code>.<h2><a class='anchor' name='classmethods'>Class Methods</a></h2>
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<h3 class='method-code'><span class='method-prefix'>Klank.</span><a class='method-name' name='*ar' href='./../Overviews/Methods.html#ar'>ar</a>(<span class='argstr'>specificationsArrayRef</span>, <span class='argstr'>input</span>, <span class='argstr'>freqscale: 1.0</span>, <span class='argstr'>freqoffset: 0.0</span>, <span class='argstr'>decayscale: 1.0</span>)</h3>
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<div class='method'>
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<p><h4>Arguments:</h4>
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<table class='arguments'>
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<tr><td class='argumentname'>specificationsArrayRef<td class='argumentdesc'>
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<p>A <a href="./../Classes/Ref.html">Ref</a> to an <a href="./../Classes/Array.html">Array</a> of three Arrays:<dl>
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<dt>frequencies:<dd>An Array of filter frequencies.<dt>amplitudes:<dd>an Array of filter amplitudes, or nil. If nil, then amplitudes default to 1.0.<dt>ring times:<dd>an Array of 60 dB decay times in seconds for the filters.</dl>
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<p>All subarrays, if not nil, should have the same length.<tr><td class='argumentname'>input<td class='argumentdesc'>
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<p>The excitation input to the resonant filter bank.<tr><td class='argumentname'>freqscale<td class='argumentdesc'>
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<p>A scale factor multiplied by all frequencies at initialization time.<tr><td class='argumentname'>freqoffset<td class='argumentdesc'>
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<p>An offset added to all frequencies at initialization time.<tr><td class='argumentname'>decayscale<td class='argumentdesc'>
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<p>A scale factor multiplied by all ring times at initialization time.</table><h4>Discussion:</h4>
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<p>The parameters in <code>specificationsArrayRef</code> can't be changed after it has been started. For a modulatable but less efficient version, see <a href="./../Classes/DynKlank.html">DynKlank</a>.</div><h3><a class='anchor' name='Inherited%20class%20methods'>Inherited class methods</a></h3>
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<div id='inheritedclassmets'></div><h2><a class='anchor' name='instancemethods'>Instance Methods</a></h2>
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<h3><a class='anchor' name='Inherited%20instance%20methods'>Inherited instance methods</a></h3>
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<div id='inheritedinstmets'></div><h2><a class='anchor' name='examples'>Examples</a></h2>
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<p>Four resonators each at maximum amplitude of 1.0 and ring times of 1 second, different exciters and no scaling:<div class='note'><span class='notelabel'>NOTE:</span> Watch the ` before the opening bracket of the parameter array! Also see <a href="./../Guides/Multichannel-Expansion.html">Multichannel Expansion</a></div>
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<p><textarea class='editor'>{ Klank.ar(`[[800, 1071, 1153, 1723], nil, [1, 1, 1, 1]], Impulse.ar(2, 0, 0.1)) }.play;
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{ Klank.ar(`[[800, 1071, 1353, 1723], nil, [1, 1, 1, 1]], Dust.ar(8, 0.1)) }.play;
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{ Klank.ar(`[[800, 1071, 1353, 1723], nil, [1, 1, 1, 1]], PinkNoise.ar(0.007)) }.play;
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{ Klank.ar(`[[200, 671, 1153, 1723], nil, [1, 1, 1, 1]], PinkNoise.ar([0.007, 0.007])) }.play;</textarea>
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<p>Three resonators at maximum amplitude of 1.0, random frequency and ring times. Excited by two pulses at 2 and 2.5 Hz:<textarea class='editor'>(
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play({
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Klank.ar(`[
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Array.rand(12, 800.0, 4000.0), // frequencies
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nil, // amplitudes (default to 1.0)
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Array.rand(12, 0.1, 2) // ring times
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], Decay.ar(Impulse.ar(4), 0.03, ClipNoise.ar(0.01)))
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})
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)</textarea>
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<p><a href="./../Guides/Multichannel-Expansion.html">Multichannel Expansion</a> via an array of specs (note the ` before the opening bracket of the parameter array!):<textarea class='editor'>(
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{
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Klank.ar([ // the multichannel-expansion
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`[[500, 1078, 1201.5, 1723], nil, [1, 1, 0.5, 0.3]], // left channel
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`[[700, 1071, 1053, 1723], nil, [1, 1, 1, 1]] // right channel
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], Impulse.ar([1.5, 1.875], 0, 0.1))
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}.play
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);
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// expanding specs within the parameter array
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{ Klank.ar(`[[[800, 6000], 1071, [1153, 8000], 1723], nil, [1, 1, 1, 1]], Impulse.ar([2, 3], 0, 0.1)) }.play;</textarea>
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<p>A SynthDef that generates 4 partials used in different configurations:<textarea class='editor'>(
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SynthDef(\help_Klank, { arg out=0, i_freq;
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var klank, n, harm, amp, ring;
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// harmonics
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harm = \harm.ir(Array.series(4, 1, 1).postln);
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// amplitudes
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amp = \amp.ir(Array.fill(4, 0.05));
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// ring times
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ring = \ring.ir(Array.fill(4, 1));
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klank = Klank.ar(`[harm, amp, ring], {ClipNoise.ar(0.003)}.dup, i_freq);
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Out.ar(out, klank);
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}).add;
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)
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// nothing special yet, just using the default set of harmonics.
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a = Synth(\help_Klank, [\i_freq, 300]);
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b = Synth(\help_Klank, [\i_freq, 400]);
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c = Synth(\help_Klank, [\i_freq, 533.33]);
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d = Synth(\help_Klank, [\i_freq, 711.11]);
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a.free;
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b.free;
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c.free;
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d.free;
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a = Synth(\help_Klank, [\i_freq, 500, \harm, [4, 1, 3, 5, 7]]);
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a.free;
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// set geometric series harmonics
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a = Synth(\help_Klank, [\i_freq, 500, \harm,Array.geom(4, 1, 1.61)]);
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a.free;
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// set harmonics, ring times and amplitudes
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(
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a = Synth(\help_Klank, [
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\i_freq, 500,
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\harm, [4, 1, 3, 5, 7],
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\ring, Array.fill(4, 0.1), // set shorter ring time
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\amp, Array.fill(4, 0.2) // set louder amps
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])
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);</textarea>
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<p>Advanced examples:<textarea class='editor'>// -- overlap texture
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(
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SynthDef("help-KlankOverlapTexture",
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{|out = 0, freqs = #[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], rings = #[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], atk = 5, sus = 8, rel = 5, pan = 0|
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var e = EnvGen.kr(Env.linen(atk, sus, rel, 1, 4), doneAction: Done.freeSelf);
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var i = Decay.ar(Impulse.ar(Rand(0.8, 2.2)), 0.03, ClipNoise.ar(0.01));
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var z = Klank.ar(
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`[freqs, nil, rings], // specs
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i // input
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);
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Out.ar(out, Pan2.ar(z*e, pan));
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}).add;
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r = Routine{
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var sustain = 8, transition = 3, overlap = 4;
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var period = transition * 2 + sustain / overlap;
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0.5.wait; // wait for the synthdef to be sent to the server
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inf.do{
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Synth("help-KlankOverlapTexture", [
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\atk, transition,
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\sus, sustain,
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\rel, transition,
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\pan, 1.0.rand2,
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\freqs, {200.0.rrand(4000)}.dup(12),
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\rings, {0.1.rrand(2)}.dup(12)
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]);
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period.wait;
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}
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};
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r.play;
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)
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r.stop; // stop spawning new synths
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// -- frequency and decay scaling
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(
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SynthDef("help-KlankScaling", {|out = 0, freq = 0, rings = #[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], pan = 0|
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var e = EnvGen.kr(Env(#[1, 1, 0], #[0.4, 0.01]), doneAction: Done.freeSelf);
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var i = Decay.ar(Impulse.ar(0), 0.03, ClipNoise.ar(0.01));
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var z = Klank.ar(
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`[(1..12), nil, rings], // specs (partials, amplitudes, ringtimes)
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i, // input
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freq, // scale to this frequency
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0, // frequency offset
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MouseX.kr(0.2, 3) // scale decay times
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);
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Out.ar(out, Pan2.ar(z*e, pan));
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}).add;
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r = Routine{
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var sustain = 8, transition = 3;
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var mode = #[0, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 12, 14, 16, 17, 19, 21, 23, 24];
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0.5.wait; // wait for the synthdef to be sent to the server
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inf.do{|i|
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Synth("help-KlankScaling", [
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\freq, (72 + (mode @@ i)).midicps,
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\rings, {0.1.rrand(2)}.dup(12)
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]);
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0.2.wait;
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}
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};
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r.play;
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)
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r.stop;
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// -- overlap texture 2
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(
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SynthDef("help-KlankOverlapTexture2",
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{|out = 0, freqs = #[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], rings = #[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], atk = 5, sus = 8, rel = 5, pan = 0|
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var e = EnvGen.kr(Env.linen(atk, sus, rel, 1, 4), doneAction: Done.freeSelf);
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var i = BrownNoise.ar(0.0012);
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var z = Klank.ar(
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`[freqs, nil, rings], // specs
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i // input
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);
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Out.ar(out, Pan2.ar(z*e, pan));
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}).add;
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r = Routine{
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var sustain = 6, transition = 4, overlap = 5;
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var period = transition*2+sustain/overlap;
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0.5.wait; // wait for the synthdef to be sent to the server
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inf.do {
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Synth("help-KlankOverlapTexture2", [
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\atk, transition,
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\sus, sustain,
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\rel, transition,
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\pan, 1.0.rand2,
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\freqs, {6000.0.linrand+80}.dup(12),
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\rings, {0.1.rrand(3)}.dup(12)
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]);
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period.wait;
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}
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};
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r.play;
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)
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r.stop;
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// -- overlap texture 3
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(
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SynthDef("help-KlankOverlapTexture3",
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{|out = 0, freqs = #[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], rings = #[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], pan = 0|
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var e = EnvGen.kr(Env(#[1, 1, 0], #[18, 3]), doneAction: Done.freeSelf);
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var i = Decay.ar(Impulse.ar(Rand(0.2, 0.6)), 0.8, ClipNoise.ar(0.001));
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var z = Klank.ar(
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`[freqs, 2, rings], // specs
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i // input
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);
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Out.ar(out, Pan2.ar(z*e, pan));
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}).add;
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r = Routine{
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0.5.wait; // wait for the synthdef to be sent to the server
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inf.do {
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Synth("help-KlankOverlapTexture3", [
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\pan, 1.0.rand2,
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\freqs, {12000.0.linrand+80}.dup(12),
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\rings, {3.rrand(10)}.dup(12)
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]);
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3.wait;
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}
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};
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r.play;
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)
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<div class='doclink'>helpfile source: <a href='file:///Applications/SuperCollider.app/Contents/Resources/HelpSource/Classes/Klank.schelp'>/Applications/SuperCollider.app/Contents/Resources/HelpSource/Classes/Klank.schelp</a><br>link::Classes/Klank::<br></div></div><script src='./../editor.js' type='text/javascript'></script>
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</body></html>
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